Submission Phase · Auditing

SupraDrop

Your footnotes have errors your editor will catch. SupraDrop finds them first: drop in your Word document and get a full audit of supra chains, Id. usage, signal parentheticals, pincites, and hereinafter — all 24 Bluebook rules, in seconds.

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GitHub — source & documentation (AGPL-3.0) → · SupraDrop_TestFixture.docx — sample document to try →

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What gets checked
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error SUPRA_NONEXISTENT — references a footnote number that does not exist in this document (R. 4.2).
error SUPRA_FORWARD — supra must refer to an earlier footnote, not a later one (R. 4.2).
error SUPRA_TO_SHORT_CITE — the referenced footnote is itself a short citation (Id. or supra); supra must point to a full citation (R. 4.2).
error SUPRA_MISMATCH — the author/title label before "supra" does not appear in the referenced footnote; the footnote number is likely wrong.
error SUPRA_WRONG_SOURCE_TYPE — supra is prohibited for cases, statutes, and constitutions (R. 4.2(a)); use a short-form citation instead.
warn SUPRA_NO_PINCITE — missing ", at [page]" after supra note N; R. 4.2 requires a pincite when referring to a specific page.
error ID_NO_PRECEDING — Id. appears with no preceding citation to reference (R. 4.1).
warn ID_AMBIGUOUS — preceding footnote cites multiple sources; Id. is ambiguous about which authority it refers to (R. 4.1).
warn ID_STALE — Id. used more than 5 footnotes after the source was first cited; consider a short-form citation (R. 4.1).
error CF_NO_PAREN — Cf. always requires an explanatory parenthetical beginning with a present participle (R. 1.2, R. 1.5).
error BUT_CF_NO_PAREN — But cf. always requires an explanatory parenthetical beginning with a present participle (R. 1.2, R. 1.5).
error COMPARE_WITH_NO_PAREN — Compare…with… requires an explanatory parenthetical on each cited authority (R. 1.2, R. 1.5).
warn SEE_GEN_NO_PAREN — See generally without an explanatory parenthetical; R. 1.2, R. 1.5 strongly prefer one beginning with a present participle.
warn EG_FORMAT — See e.g., missing the required comma after "See": write See, e.g., not See e.g., (R. 1.1).
warn SEE_ALSO_NO_PAREN — See also without an explanatory parenthetical; R. 1.2, R. 1.5 strongly prefer one beginning with a present participle, e.g., (noting that...).
warn BUT_SEE_NO_PAREN — But see without an explanatory parenthetical; R. 1.2, R. 1.5 strongly prefer one beginning with a present participle, e.g., (rejecting...).
error QUOTE_NO_PINCITE — direct quote without a pincite; R. 3.2(a) and R. 5.2 require a pincite for all quoted material.
error PINCITE_HYPHEN — page range uses a hyphen (-) instead of the required en-dash (–) (R. 3.2(a)).
warn PINCITE_UNSHORTENED — ending page not shortened per R. 3.2(a); e.g., 1124–1129 should be 1124–29.
warn PINCITE_PP — pp. before a page number is not used in Bluebook citations; write the page number directly without a pp. prefix (R. 3.2).
warn FOOTNOTE_NO_PERIOD — footnote does not end with a period (R. 1.1).
error URL_NOT_ARCHIVED — internet citation without a permanent archive link; R. 18.2.1 requires an archived URL for all internet sources (e.g., PermaDrop).
error HEREINAFTER_FORMAT — hereinafter must appear inside square brackets: [hereinafter X], not (hereinafter X) or bare text (R. 4.2(b)).
warn HEREINAFTER_NEVER_USED — [hereinafter X] is defined but never referenced in any later footnote (R. 4.2(b)).
Kirin Chang

Built by Kirin Chang

Research Fellow, U.S.-Asia Law Institute · NYU School of Law
Affiliate Research Fellow, AI & the Future of Work · Emory Law
Member of the New York and Texas Bars

Appeared or is forthcoming in print and online journals and books with the NYU Law Review, UCLA Law Review, Georgetown Law Journal, Minnesota Law Review, University of Illinois Law Review, Wisconsin Law Review, University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, among others.